Cells with a plasmid encoding for GFP were induced and imaged under brightfield and fluorescence under the microscope. The cells can be identified from the brightfield image using Matlab and their contour used to integrate the fluorescent image and measure the total fluorescense expressed by each individual cell.
In this way, if enough images are obtained, statistics of the single level of expression as a function of the inducer concentration can be determined. The noisiness or variation in the level of gene expression is evident at this level, something that would not be noticeable in a bulk experiment.